Question 1

Which area of the chest directly overlies the heart and great vessels?*

A. Mediastinum

B. Precordium

C. Sternum

D. Thoracic cavity

Question 2

The first heart sound (S1) is produced by the closure of which valves?*

A. Aortic and Pulmonic

B. Mitral and Tricuspid

C. Tricuspid and Aortic

D. Pulmonic and Mitral

Question 3

During diastole, the ventricles:*

A. Relax and fill with blood

B. Contract and pump blood

C. Close semilunar valves

D. Eject blood into arteries

Question 4

The second heart sound (S2) corresponds to:*

A. Opening of AV valves

B. Closure of AV valves

C. Closure of semilunar valves

D. Ventricular relaxation

Question 5

A murmur is caused by:*

A. Normal heart valve closure

B. Turbulent blood flow

C. Heart muscle contraction

D. Decreased venous return

Question 6

Which node acts as the pacemaker of the heart?*

A. AV node

B. SA node

C. Bundle of His

D. Purkinje fibers

Question 7

The QRS complex on an ECG represents:*

A. Atrial depolarization

B. Ventricular depolarization

C. Ventricular repolarization

D. Atrial repolarization

Question 8

The formula CO = SV × R represents:*

A. Cardiac Output

B. Stroke Volume

C. Venous Return

D. Arterial Pressure

Question 9

Afterload is best defined as:*

A. The volume of blood returned to the ventricles

B. The pressure the ventricle must overcome to eject blood

C. The volume of blood ejected in each beat

D. The heart rate multiplied by stroke volume

Question 10

When assessing the carotid artery, you should:*

A. Palpate both sides at the same time

B. Use firm pressure

C. Palpate one side at a time gently

D. Use the diaphragm of the stethoscope only

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